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Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Rights Department: phone: (+1) 2 (US) or (+44) 1865 843830 (UK) fax: (+44) 1865 853333 e-mail: You may also complete your request online via the Elsevier website at. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY: A CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR APPROACHĬopyright © 2012 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Boulpaep, MD Professor Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticutġ600 John F. and Inez Myers/Antonio Scarpa Chairman Department of Physiology and Biophysics Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OhioĮmile L. All values are in Å.Medical Physiology A Cellular and Molecular Approach UPDATED SECOND EDITION
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Using a Pythagorean equation based on the distance to the centroid, d,Īnd the distance perpendicular to the mean plane, p: shift = The upper ring of the sandwich in structure (5). Hydrogen-bonding motif R 2 2(8) is regarded as When parameters for the upper and lower plane differ, two
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Structure (7) was excluded since it has no Four oxopyrimidinium salts containing a π + X − π + sandwich-like structural motif exhibit luminescent properties.Ĭontains datablocks 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, globalĬCDC references: 1998106 1998105 1998104 1998103 1998102 1998101 1998100įractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å 2) topĭistances between halogen and the mean ring planes ( p) and centroids All the compounds undergo thermal decomposition at relatively high temperatures (150–300 ☌) without melting. The structures can be divided into five types according to their hydrogen-bond patterns. In all the structures, there are charge-assisted N +-H X − hydrogen bonds, as well as weaker C Ar +-H X − and π + X − interactions. Only in one compound are parallel planes present. Structural analysis shows that in 9 out of 10 of these compounds, the ions form one-dimensional chains or ribbons stabilized by hydrogen bonds. H 2O, and 4,6-dimethyl-2-sulfanylidene-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-1-ium chloride–thiourea (1/1), (dmptH)Cl.Three HCl derivatives were described previously in the literature, namely, 4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-1-ium chloride, (dmpH)Cl, 4,6-dimethyl-2-sulfanylidene-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-1-ium chloride monohydrate, (dmptH)Cl tu, 4,6-dimethyl-2-sulfanylidene-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-1-ium bromide, C 6H 9N 2S +♻r − or (dmptH)Br, and 4,6-dimethyl-2-sulfanylidene-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-1-ium iodide, C 6H 9N 2S +.By the reaction of urea or thiourea, acetylacetone and hydrogen halide (HF, HBr or HI), we have obtained seven new 4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimido(thio)nium salts, which were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, namely, 4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-1-ium bifluoride, C 6H 9N 2O +